CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1     Background of the Study

To manage materials is to manage the life of an organization. No organization can survive without adequate management of materials. The bottom line and effective flow of input material either purchased from outside manufacturing or made in house. Stocking of materials of minimum cost is a total management function of planning, organizing and controlling all the activities that contributes to materials cost materials management thus, encompasses the total process from a need, for material/or services or works arising, right through to the supply of works to the user and in many causes, the product thereby being made available to the final consumer or customer from the above, it vital to carry out an effective control over materials by designing a separate function/department to be in charge of materials and this will be termed materials management department. This department should have streamlined duties of total cost control, elimination of materials waste and profit optimization.

Material management problems can be functionally traced to quality, quantity and cost and an appropriate fashion of these functions that contribute to materials cost into an integrated system will largely determine its efficiency and profitability management interest is necessarily confined to attain total control but have been extended into the arena of achieving a total breakthrough in the practice of effective materials management system most management activity concerns itself with the design and operation  at cost there are many management with  the scientific methods and techniques, which have been developed and perfected, but it must be achieved at once that such functions and economic characteristics can be effectively operated within the scope of materials management concepts.

Materials management is now thought to be the last frontier for cost control and profit improvement, contributing to higher production and productivity and thus largely designed for cost-effectiveness in any individual enterprise management echelon must recognize that it is not the materials manager’s main prerogative, but in fact this laurels. Whatever and whenever achieved, depends primarily on top management support and without its blessing all his efforts are exercise in futility.

In management or business management we understand that for a company to achieve their goal there must be efficient and effective use of planning, organizing, controlling and coordinating therefore for the effect of the materials to come out positively the company should plan how to carry out their production purchase and supply schedules materials receive and handling transportation, warehousing etc with proper planning of those mentioned above the organization with ensure of timely and positive available of materials be able to meet agree and projected demand and also meet their target goals.

Thus good organizing helps the management coordinate and integrate the efforts of other so as to attain their goals. Through organizing the goals of the organization are given a structure, the structure aids. In the planning process and success. In addition to this control gauges the success of other areas in their attempt to accomplish the performance of every workers is measured against the specification put in place by man agreement. For instance scheduling make product control possible because report and monitor or workers absenteeism, time availability of material and machines available etc could make product control possible poor production lead to poor purchasing management inadequate maintenance which affect the company productivity (Smith et al, 2001).

Because of the fragmented control of material problems of coordinating are severe. In organization and company you may have a purchasing management who is responsible for purchasing and supply of materials, a traffic manager who is responsible for decision relating to the transportation need of decision to the company and a store manager man not be under one department each manager who controls the inventory of goods in warehouse all these managers may not be under one department. Each manager may make decisions that are supposedly the best from this limited perspective but which may be bad for the company a whole therefore good but this may be bad for the company as whole.

Therefore good proper coordination is dearly apparent if this managers mentality or sub optimization is to be avoided concussively proper material coordination that is purchasing and supply unit of the organization handling of the various production function such as planning scheduling, store end warehousing receiving and handling of material inventory control and traffic and transportation will yield a production increase to the organizational.

• Statement of Problem

As a thermal cessation from improper material management and utilization where organizational productivity are based the life wire and the total margin output of any organization is based on how effective are the materials managed and utilized. But the reverse has been the case, as the materials procured by many organizations are not judiciously managed in order to achieve the designed objectives of an organization.

Thus, it is questionable whether an organizations make use of effective planning, organizing, controlling and coordinating of the different material at their disposal before adequately implementing them in order to achieve desired results and the different banners experienced in the process of importing and transporting material purchased by the purchasing managers and the negative impacts of ineffective management of materials in an organization.

This research therefore was motivated by these hydra-headed problems with respect to assessing the impact of materials management on organizational productivity.

• Purpose of study

The following purposes are formulated to guide the researcher in collecting data for the study.

• To ascertain the relationship between the effective management of materials and the level of productivity in an organization.
• To examine if the positive impact of these materials management has helped improving the company productivity.
• To examine if the organization make use of effective planning, organizing, controlling and coordinating of these materials management before implementing them
• To examine whether the material and in improving the company’s productivity
• To identify and proffer solutions to the barriers experienced by the company in importing and transporting materials purchased by the purchasing managers.

1.4     Research Questions

• What is the relationship between effective management of material and level of productivity in an organization
• Has material management help in improving the company’s productivity?
• Does the organization make use of effective planning organizing controlling and coordinating, of these material management before implementing them?
• Does the material and in improving the company’s productivity.
• What are the solutions to the barriers experienced by the company in importing and transporting materials purchased by the purchasing managers?

1.5     Research Hypothesis

Null hypothesis is represented by Ho,

While alternative hypothesis is Hi

Hypothesis one

Ho:   There is no relationship between the effective management of materials and the level of productivity in an organization.

Hi:    There is a relationship between the effective management of materials and the level of productivity in an organization.

Hypothesis two

Ho:   Organization does not make effective use of planning, organizing, controlling and coordinating material management before implementing them.

Hi:    Organization make effective use of planning organizing controlling and coordinating material management before implementing them.

1.6  Significance of the Study

It is evident that not much been carried out on this concept hence the researcher work will contributed to the existing literatures on material management and productivity in general and how this impacts the organization.

• It will serve as information medium to reactive measures by prospective researchers, and to also give the organization the guideline on effective use of planning, organizing, controlling and coordinating concept of material management in order to avoid waste.