ABSTRACT

This study was carried out toexaminethe impact of leadership style on organizational effectiveness using Grimard Hospital Kogi State, Nigeria as a case case study.The study was specifically carried out to ascertain whether there is a significant relationship between leadership style on organizational effectiveness, identify the predominant leadership styles practiced in the organization, determine the impact of leadership style on organizational effectiveness, and identify the the challenges influencing the implementation of effective leadership styles.The survey design was adopted and the simple random sampling techniques were employed in this study. The population size comprise of employees of Grimard Hospital Kogi State, Nigeria.In determining the sample size, the researcher conveniently selected 57 respondents and 50 were validated. Self-constructed and validated questionnaire was used for data collection. The collected and validated questionnaires were analyzed using frequency tables and mean tables. While the hypotheses were tested using Chi-square statistical tool.The result of the findings reveals the there is a significant relationship between leadership style on organizational effectiveness.The study also revealed thatLeadership style has a positive impact on organizational effectiveness as it increases employee motivation and morale, encourages innovation and creativity, fosters a productive work environment, promotes teamwork and collaboration, and leads to high employee satisfaction.Therefore, it is recommended that leaders should allow improvement of  interpersonal relationship between the staff and the management team to ensure increased productivity. To mention but a few.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.0  BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY

Leadership is important in management function that involves harnessing of human and material resources for the attainment of organizational goals.

Leadership has been viewed by many authors as a process whereby an individual exerts influence upon others in an organizational context.

Bowlers and Seashore (1996) enumerated the basic functions of leadership to include;

· Support enhancing others feelings of self-esteem and support

· Facilitating of interaction such that group members develop close and mutually satisfying relationship

· Goal emphasis for high performance and achievements

· Work facilitation such that targets are easily achieved through such activities as scheduling, coordination, planning and the effective application of knowledge and prudent utilization of resources

It is expected therefore that in every organization, there should be a leader who will in addition to planning, organizing and coordinating work. Mobilize inspire and utilize available human and material resources optimally for effective organizational growth and development.

Leadership often emerges in a social context in that it does not exist in a vaccum but a phenomenon for people and by the people.

The objectives of leadership are products of clear vision and its actions are dictated by great focus and a sense of mission. The way and manner leadership is conducted in any given situation depends on the interplay of such factors as individual personality, work demand and the exercise of the environment.

The extent to which any of these factor dominates ones behaviour determines to a large extent the person accumulation of natural or situational leadership traits.

Several arguments have been raised over time about the relationship between leadership and employees attitude. However, most scholars caution against tendencies to propose a cause effect relationship because of the confounding of the interview variables.

For instance, leadership characteristics determines leadership behaviour and consequently the attitude of subordinates towards him and the work situatin. Katz (1949).

And in the view of Mlonick (1991), Democratic leaders tend to affect employees more positively than authoritative leaders, while authoritative leaders tend to achieve production targets than the former.

However, Petz (1952) theorized that what matters in the leader subordinate relationship is not just the imposing attributes or the leader but also the enduring characteristics of subordinates. He also advocated the principles of reciprocal influence and integration, according to him, subordinates expect their supervisor to exercise upward influence when dealing with problem, which affect workers themselves, but when this is perceived as being limited, they develop unfavourably reactions.

Consequently, this wills throat the attainment of organizational objectives and effectiveness. However, organizational effectiveness depends to a great extent on the ways the various group in the organizational hierarchy are structured and integrated.

Effective management should therefore develop effective group membership to which they owe loyalty.

That is why effective leadership is necessary in ay organization of all the activities that will promote productivity as organizational effectiveness is to a large extend measured by its productivity.

1.2  STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Leadership is considered as the bane of development in Nigeria organization. In political circle for instance, the problem of leadership is described with despicable terms as corruption, ineptitude, red-tapism and nepotism etc.

There is no gain saying the face that most of the socio-economic maladies which the nation face currently are product of poor management and bad or ineffective leadership. For over a decade now, the world bank has reported consistently in her annual bulletin and publication that Nigeria ranks amongst the six poorest nations of the world despite her abundant, human and natural resources.

In addition, capacity utilization of Nigeria industrial organization has been at a very low level since 1983, and many industries have since folded up.

This is an apparent failure on the part of those in leadership positions which the organizations operate and design practical and effective response strategies to cope with the prevailing situation the obvious conclusion in that they have serious leadership problems.

Many organizations which could have been economically viable are folding up even now and some which are surviving could hardly meet their targeted maximum production level even when such organizations have their required financial banking, enough raw materials and human resources. Therefore, leadership remain the problem militating against the growth and development of such organization. To curb this menace, there is need for an effective leader to effectively put those resources to proper use for maximum result.

Government organization never really get extinct by virtue of their ownership structure. This is not the case with private organizations which may be devastated to the point of folding up due to numerous problems amongst which is leadership. Their survival capacity is much less the former.

It should be noted that when leadership creates abundant work environment, moral drops, production decrease and the prospects for survival diminish.

Most of the studies conducted in Nigeria have focused on the relationship between motivation and productivity (Egwu 1991), but have rarely contemplates on the relations between leadership and organizational effectiveness.

Meanwhile, in most organization, the quality of management is often measured by the quality of work output and margin of profit. However, different leadership styles are required for different work situations and sometimes, they vary in the nature of ownership.

Leadership is to harness the potential of available manpower and material resources in such a way that organizational objective are achieved and sustained.

Grimard Hospital is a services, profit oriented organization owned by catholic mission. Not much has been done to examine the services function and the profit making motive of the organization. Hence, very little is known of how leadership influence it.

The current study therefore intends to examine the impact of leadership on the performance of this private sector organization.

1.3  OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The broad objective of this study is to examine the impact of leadership style on organizational effectiveness using Grimard Hospital Kogi State, Nigeria as a case case study. Specifically, the study seeks to:

1. Ascertain whether there is a significant relationship between leadership style on organizational effectiveness

2. To identify the predominant leadership styles practiced in the organization.

3. To determine the impact of leadership style on organizational effectiveness.

4. To identify the the challenges influencing the implementation of effective leadership styles.

1.4  RESEARCH QUESTIONS

a. Is there is a significant relationship between leadership style on organizational effectiveness?

b. What are the predominant leadership styles practiced in the organization?

c. What is the impact of leadership style on organizational effectiveness?

d. What are the challenges influencing the implementation of effective leadership styles?

1.5  RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS

HYPOTHESIS I:

Ho:  Effective leadership does not contribute to effectiveness and productivity in the private sector organization.

Hi:  Effective leadership contributes to organizational effectiveness and productivity in the private sector organization.

HYPOTHESIS II

Ho:  Effective consultation before decision making does not ensure effective leadership

Hi:  Effective consultation before decision making ensure effective leadership?

1.6  SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The significance of this study is that, it will serve as an instrument for harnessing the impact of leadership in the achievement of organization effectiveness and objectives in the private sector i.e. Grimard Hospital, Anyigba,  Kogi State, Nigeria

The outcome of this research would

· Identify aspects of the Nigeria work life that need to be influence by planned and exceptive management

· Highlight qualities that show effective leadership and are critical to growth and development of private sector enterprise in Nigeria.

· Indicate the means by which the management of private sector organizations should be enhanced and made effective through good leadership

 1.7  SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The study was designed to cover Grimard Hospital, Anyigba, a caring and service organization among other private sectors. The subject of the study is the impact of leadership on organizational effectiveness.

Constraint encountered in the course of this study includes times as the researcher had little time to gather sufficient information.

The problem of some staff not ready to respond to some questions especially during interview also contribute to some set backs.

The inconvenience and difficulties in combing lecturers and research work.

1.8  DEFINITION OF TERMS

Leadership: The act or process of influencing people to strive willingly and enthusiastically toward the accomplishment of group.

Management: The process of designing and maintaining and environment in which individuals work together in group to accomplish efficiently and effectively selected aims and objectives.

Efficiency: Ability to work well without wasting time and resources

Impact

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