TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page                                                                                          i
Certification                                                                                       ii
Dedication                                                                                         iii
Acknowledgment                                                                              iv
Table of contents                                                                              v
Abstract                                                                                            vi
CHAPTER ONE
1.1     Introduction                                                                              1
1.2     Justification                                                                              4
1.3     Aims and Objectives                                                               4
CHAPTER TWO
2.1     Literature Review                                                                    5
2.2     Sperm Mophology                                                                   6
2.3     Sperm Quality                                                                         7
2.4     Sperm Motility                                                                        7
2.5     Membrane Integrity                                                                 8
2.6     Extenders                                                                                9
2.7     Cryoprotectants                                                                      11
2.8     Effect of cryopreservation on sperm motility and fertility         12
2.9     Computer Assisted Sperm Analysis of velocity                      14

CHAPTER THREE
3.0     Materials and Methods                                                   17
3.1     Description of the study area                                         17
3.2     Collection and Management of fish                                17
3.3     Methodology                                                                  18
3.3.1  Preparation of buffer                                                    18
3.3.2  Preparation of Extender                                               18
3.3.3  Precurement and dilution of milt                                    19
3.3.4  Equilibration and Storage                                              20
3.3.5  Determination of Post-thawed parameters                    21

CHAPTER FOUR
4.1     Morphemetric Characteristics of Experimental Fish        22
4.2     Sperm Characteristics                                                    23
4.3     Sperm Motility/mortality                                                   24
4.4     % Mean Motility                                                             25

CHAPTER FIVE
5.1     Discussion                                                                    28
5.2     Summary and Conclusion                                             29
References                                                                             30
Appendix                                                                                 35

ABSTRACT

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 INTRODUCTION

...

1.2     JUSTIFICATION
As fish farming expands and harvesting of wild stocks becomes more intense, there is a growing need for techniques of gamete storage to facilitate replacement of extinct fishes.
Cryopreservation of sperm is now a widely used method for long term storage of fish milt. It is effective tool for conserving genetic materials in threatened and endangered species, which can also be used for genetic improvement through selecting breeding programme.

1.3     AIMS AND OBJECTIVE 
1.       To evaluate the sperm characteristics of C. gariepinus.
2.       To determine efficacy of some extenders in the preservation of milt of C. gariepinus.