Home » Environmental Science » TOXIC WASTES AND RACE AT TWENTY: WHY RACE STILL MATTERS AFTER ALL OF THESE YEARS
TOXIC WASTES AND RACE AT TWENTY: WHY RACE STILL MATTERS AFTER ALL OF THESE YEARS
Sold By: Joe Project Store | Item Type: Project Material | Report this? | Attributes: 85 pages | 1-5 chapters | Amount: ₦5,000 | Marked useful: 6,126 times
Delivery: Within 24 hoursTOXIC WASTES AND RACE AT TWENTY: WHY RACE STILL MATTERS AFTER ALL OF THESE YEARS
In 1987 the United Church of Christ’s (UCC) Commission for Racial Justice published its landmark report Toxic Wastes and Race in the United States. The report documented disproportionate environmental burdens facing people of color and low-income communities across the country
. The report sparked a national grassroots environmental justice movement and significant academic and governmental attention. In 2007, the UCC commissioned leading environmental justice scholars for a new report, Toxic Wastes and Race at Twenty: Grassroots Struggles to Dismantle Environmental Racism in the United States. In addition to commemorating and updating the 1987 report, the new report takes stock of progress achieved over the last twenty years. ∗ Robert D. Bullard directs the Environmental Justice Resource Center at Clark Atlanta University. His most recent book is entitled
GROWING SMARTER: ACHIEVING LIVABLE COMMUNITIES, ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE, AND REGIONAL EQUITY (2007). ∗∗
Paul Mohai is a Professor in the School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. He has been a major contributor to the growing body of quantitative research examining disproportionate environmental burdens in low-income and people of color communities. ∗∗∗ Robin Saha is an Assistant Professor of Environmental Studies at the University of Montana and affiliated faculty with its School of Public and Community Health Sciences.
He is among the leading scholars conducting quantitative studies of environmental inequality using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). ∗∗∗∗ Beverly Wright directs the Deep South Center for Environmental Justice at Dillard University. She is one of the nation’s leading environmental justice scholars and is a Hurricane Katrina survivor.
GAL.BULLARD.W FIGURES AND TABLES 5/29/2008 3:21:07 PM 372
ENVIRONMENTAL LAW
[Vol. 38:371 Although Toxic Wastes and Race has had tremendous positive impacts, twenty years after its release people of color and low-income communities are still the dumping grounds for all kinds of toxins.
Using 2000 Census data, an updated database of commercial hazardous waste facilities, and newer methods that better match where people and hazardous sites are located, we found significant racial and socioeconomic disparities persist in the distribution of the nation’s hazardous wastes facilities. We demonstrate that people of color are more concentrated around such facilities than previously shown.
People of color are particularly concentrated in neighborhoods and communities with the greatest number of facilities and racial disparities continue to be widespread throughout the country. Moreover, hazardous waste host neighborhoods are composed predominantly of people of color. Race continues to be the predominant explanatory factor in facility locations and clearly still matters.
Yet getting government to respond to the needs of low-income and people of color communities has not been easy, especially in recent years when the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has mounted an all-out attack on environmental justice principles and policies established in the 1990s. Environmental injustice results from deeplyembedded institutional discrimination and will require the support of concerned individuals, groups, and organizations from various walks of life.
The Toxic Wastes and Race at Twenty report condensed in this Article provides dozens of recommendations for action at the federal, state, and local levels to help eliminate the disparities. The report also makes recommendations for nongovernmental organizations and industry. More than one hundred environmental justice, civil rights, human rights, faith based, and health allies signed a letter endorsing these steps to reverse recent backsliding, renewing the call for social, economic, and environmental justice for all. Congress has begun to listen and take action.
This material content is developed to serve as a GUIDE for students to conduct academic research
Delivery: Within 24 hours
Advertise Here
Not what you were looking for? Perform a search
What's your project topic?
Comment on Facebook:
Related Project Materials
- 1.
THE ROLE OF SOCIAL MEDIA IN RAISING AWARENESS AND CHANGING BEHAVIORS TOWARDS SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT ...
THE ROLE OF SOCIAL MEDIA IN RAISING AWARENESS AND CHANGING BEHAVIORS TOWARDS SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN CAMEROON CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION Backg...More »
Item Type: Project Material | 54 pages | 1,932 engagements |
- 2.
THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS ON SEWAGE DISPOSAL PRACTICES IN DOUALA, CAMEROON
CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION Background of the Study Sewage is the term used to describe the water that has been utilised by a community or industry...More »
Item Type: Project Material | 54 pages | 49,439 engagements |
- 3.
EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTS IN PREVENTING ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION IN YAO...
CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION Background of the Study Globally, the rapid increase in urbanization, driven by the migration of people from rural and semi u...More »
Item Type: Project Material | 54 pages | 570 engagements |
- 4.
ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF SEWAGE DISPOSAL PRACTICES ON WATER QUALITY IN URBAN AREAS OF CAMEROON: A...
CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION Background of the Study In developed and developing nations, dues to human activities, residences, institutions, hospitals...More »
Item Type: Project Material | 54 pages | 621 engagements |
- 5.
ASSESSMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER DISPOSAL IN THE EAST REGION OF CAMER...
CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION Background of the Study Worldwide, many manufacturing industries depend on water for many uses such as manufacturing processe...More »
Item Type: Project Material | 54 pages | 644 engagements |
- 6.
ASSESSMENT OF THE CHALLENGES IN IMPLEMENTING SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT POLICIES IN CAMEROON
CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION Background of the Study Globally, designing effective waste management policies and procedures has become the task of environ...More »
Item Type: Project Material | 54 pages | 615 engagements |