INFLUENCE OF NON-PAYMENT OF SALARY ON DEPRESSION, ANXIETY AND AGGRESSION AMONG WORKERS IN EKITI USING TEACHERS AND CIVIL SERVANT

CHAPTER 1----INTRODUCTION

1.1     BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The concept of wage and salary administration constitutes a fundamental Issue in the Nigerian economy. Nwachukwu (2000) and Ogunbameru (2000) stated that the development, implementation and on-going maintenance of a base pay system constitute wage and salary administration. Atchison (2003) posits that wage and salary administration is aimed at providing a pay that is both competitive and equitable. Wage and salary administration in Nigeria is regulated by policies jointly agreed between the government and labour. This policy gives direction to the wages and salaries paid by organizations both in the public and private sector of the economy. The non- payment of wages and salaries have constituted a controversial in recent times in the Nigerian economy. There have been agitations by some state government over the inability to pay salaries which has attracted the intervention of the federal government. Mainly affected are the teachers and civil servants. This development has caused the slow pace of business and other economic activities. Many school children are affected by non- payment of school fees by their parents. The pace of work activities in the office is slowed down and teachers are not regular in the classroom. This has exacted a multiplier effects as the rate of anti- social behavior has been on the increase. Students loitering about while many families are in serious indebtedness due to non- payment of salaries. In some cases serious health issues have developed leading to impairment and untimely death. This condition leads to depression, anxiety and aggression. The study seeks to investigate the influence of non- payment of salary on depression, anxiety and aggression among workers in Ekiti using teachers and civil servants as case study.

1.2     STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The effect of non- payment of salaries are enormous as this causes depression, anxiety and aggression. The situations where workers are owed 6 months’ salary constitute a pathetic situation with grave consequences. Workers simply express their suppressed hostility against the government and their bosses leading to abandonment of duties and disobedience to directives and policies. Anxiety also sets in leading to tension, worries and physical health challenges among the workers. The inability to pay wages and salaries regularly poses great danger for the government and other sectors of the economy. It leads to workers dislike for work and ultimate decline in productivity. The principle of wage and salary administration requires that wages and salary are fair and equitable. For the Nigerian worker wages and salary constitute the motivation for work and when it is not paid then work is withdrawn and depression sets in. Therefore, the problem confronting the study is to investigate the influence of non- payment of salary on depression, anxiety and aggression among workers in Ekiti using teachers and civil servants as case study.

1.3     OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The main study objective is to investigate the influence of non- payment of salary on depression, anxiety and aggression among workers in Ekiti using teachers and civil servants as case study; While the specific objectives of the study include;

1. To appraise the issue of non-payment of salary.
2. To determine the influence of non- payment of salary on depression, anxiety and aggression among workers.
3. To investigate the influence of non- payment of salary on depression, anxiety and aggression among workers in Ekiti State.

1.4     RESEARCH QUESTIONS

1 What is the issue of non-payment of salary?

2 What is the influence of non- payment of salary on depression, anxiety and aggression among workers?

3 What is the relationship between influence of non- payment of salary on depression, anxiety and aggression among teachers and civil servants in Ekiti state?

1.5     RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS

Ho1: There is no significant influence of non-payment of salary on depression, anxiety and aggression among workers in Ekiti state. 

1.6     SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The study seeks to project the challenges encountered by Nigerian workers in the circumstances of the non-payment of wages and salaries and the effects it exacts on depression, anxiety and aggression among workers in Ekiti using teachers and civil servants as case study;

1.7     SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The study focuses on the investigation of the influence of non- payment of salary on depression, anxiety and aggression among workers in Ekiti using teachers and civil servants as case study.

1.8     LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

 The study was confronted with logistic and geographical constraints.

1.9     DEFINITION OF TERMS

ANXIETY DEFINED

It is an intense emotion, a state of worry and physical changes.

 DEPRESSION DEFINED

Depression is the result of frustration which can be expressed outwardly against oneself or towards someone else.

WAGES AND SALARY DEFINED

Wages or salaries are the financial payment made to workers.

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