CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1     BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Children are heritage of the cord and the fruit of the womb is his reward.  As arrows are in the hands of the mighty man, so are children of the youth happy is the man that hath his quiver full of them (ps127:3-5) that the African child occupies a strategic position in the family and in the society and in the nation is not an over statement and cannot be underplayed. The child is considered as the life. Wire of the family and the society at large to the extent that any couple that is not blessed with a child is looked upon with pity and sometimes sympathized with.

There is the need to know who is a child and what is child care.

In traditional and even contemporary African, various ethic groups have different concepts of who is a child while some ethic groups see one one as a child in so far as she can contribute to the development of the society some other see it in terms of one who has not yet  attained the age of initiation into the age grade. Sven in contemporary Nigeria for examples Olukoshi etal (1990) posited that.

There is not one acceptable age, which is considered as a worthy definition of the upper limit of child hood.  The age at which a child can become capable in law for his actions or her actions the age at which childhood begins in terms of the right to vote and be voted for and the age considered by the federal ministry of youth and culture and education as being the upper limit of childhood different. Even internationally there are divergent definitions as to who is a child.  Where as the international labour organization and the united nations population division refers to a child as those below 18year of age the 1989 convention on the right of the child states that a child means every human being below the age of 18year. Even though there are divergent opinions and views as to what is the age limit of child it is the views of this author that a child is anybody between birth to completion of physiologically/ psychological and physical development. In order words anybody between ages zero of his/her birth to 18years is a child.

Child care in the other hand is a kind of human acts that jeopardizes the physical psychological and the featuring of the child either intentionally or unintentionally child care is characterized on the continuum by sexual care (either cast agreed or by agreement)

Child labour

Child smart

Child self control

Child honest

Child dependable

Child efficient respectable

Child not as breadwinner

Child not starving away from home

Providing a child with food and shelter

Giving of educational right to a child

Giving medical assertion of a child

Avoiding abandonment of a child

Avoiding child slavery abandonment of a child

Avoiding child slavery.

Child acre is connoted acts of giving basic needs right and deeds of child by parents/ guardians, which will pair the well being of a child. Caring can also take the from of adequate provision of resources for the welfare of the child both now and in future.

Also they do not encounter problem of misplacement of vita information or records as a result of services not being available or rendered when needed duplications of effort due to inconsistency in activities and time that is taken in search of file when it is required for processing.

1.2  STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM  

In every organization there are numerous problems that they encounter.  An organization like UNICEF encounter problem in their area of documentation which includes misplacement of vital information or cases as a result of the services that are available or rendered when it is needed duplications of effort due to inconsistency in activities and a lot of time is taken in search of file or reported cases when it is needed for processing.

Sit is actually this problem that is discovered that promoted for the design and implementation of a comprised child care information system to enable the organization to work more effectively

1.3  PURPOSE OF STUDY    

The purpose of this study is to design and implement a system that will eliminate the above listed problems, as misplacement of important reported cases documents and records duplications of effort and a lot of time that is required or taken when searching an processing of cases and files.

1.4     AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

The aims and objectives of the project is to study how the organization (UNICEF) operational aims and other activities are performed.

It aimed at detecting problems that pose obstacle with a view of modifying the operations and developing a new computerized system that will be more efficient and accurate such as:

In the area of misplacement of vital documents a computer will be used to record store and retrieval of large volume of documents.  Which will reduce the duplications of efforts due to inconsistency in activities and time that is taken in search of file when it is required for processing     

1.5     DELIMITATION/ SCOPE OF THE STUDY 

This study is specifically concerned with the computerized child care and carrying of the Enugu information centre of UNICEF.  Although a lot of activities are being performed by this centre.  This work is therefore concerned with childcare and caring manipulation of both the care and reporter of a case.

1.6     LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

One to lack of time and resources the study is limited to certain area concerned with only gathering of cases on clients and personnel records and processing them using a computer.

1.7  ASSUMPTION  

Apparently before I started this works I assumed a successful completion by division grace of God and the cooperation of workers of unicef in supplying me with date/information needed for the successful completion of this project.

In terms of material resources monetary and personnel resources the researcher had me up with them. In fact it is believed that facts are valid.

 1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS  

A child:  A child means every human being below the age of 18 years unless under the law applicable to the child majority is attained

Childcare:     That is any kind of human act that jeopardizes the physical psychological and the futurity of the child either intentionally or intentionally.

Child caring: This connote the act of giving basic needs rights and deals of the child by parents/ guardians peer and government and cultural community which will pair the well being of a child.  Caring can also take the form of adequate provision of resources for the welfare of the child both now in future

Flowchart:    This is the graphical representation of the logical step and sequence involved in a procedure are program.

Date:     This can be defined as groups of non-random symbols (words value figures) which represent things that have happened.

Information: This is the resource that enables the collection management control and dissemination of information throughout an organization.

Monitoring:   This is to keep watch and see who denies children the rights and take the necessary steps to stop this.