ABSTRACT

This project is all about Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR), and is a circuit that monitors the input voltage at any point and display the regulated voltage level on the analog meter. It is mainly for electrical/electronic system that is delicate to abnormal voltage level. It is usually connected as an intermediary between voltage supply and appliance.

The Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) includes, transformer, voltage sensor called comparators imbedded in the microprocessor that is connected to the power source for sensing voltage level of the power when it is low or high and processing device connected to the voltage sensor for comparing the sensed voltage level to a reference value.

The analog meter is there to show the level of the regulated output voltage from the step up circuitry. The analog meter displays 220v at the output at any point of the regulated input voltage.

TABLE OF CONTENT

TITLE PAGE   -      -      -      -      -      -      -      -      i

CERTIFICATION   -      -      -      -      -      -      -      ii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT  -      -      -      -      -      -      iii

ABSTRACT    -      -      -      -      -      -      -      -      iv

TABLE OFCONTENT      -      -      -      -      -      -      v

CHAPTER ONE

Introduction    -      -      -      -      -      -      -      -      1

Purpose and Motivations -      -      -      -      -      -       2

Aims and objectives of the design -        -       -     -      3

Block Diagram of the AVR -    -     -      -       -      -       4

Application and prospects of the project -       -       -     4 

CHAPTER TWO

Literature Review    -      -      -      -      -      -      -      5

CHAPTER THREE

Components and Function      -      -      -      -      -      8

·        Microcontroller    -      -      -      -      -      -      -      8

·        Relays  -      -      -      -      -      -      -      -      -      15

·        Voltage Regulator       -      -      -      -      -      -      17

·        Transformer       -      -      -      -      -      -      -      20

·        Capacitor    -      -      -      -      -      -      -      -      22

·        Resistor      -      -      -      -      -      -      -      -      28

·        Diodes        -      -      -      -      -      -      -      -      30

·        Zener diodes      -      -      -      -      -      -      -      35

·        Switches     -      -      -      -      -      -      -      -      36

CHAPTER FOUR

Construction of AVR       -      -      -      -      -      -      40

Operations of AVR          -      -      -      -      -      -      42

CHAPTER FIVE

Conclusion      -      -      -      -      -      -      -      -      43

Problems encountered    -      -      -      -      -      -      44

Recommendation    -      -      -      -      -      -      -      45

Reference               -      -      -      -      -      -      -      46

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) as the name implies, is a device intended to regulate voltage automatically that is to take a varying voltage level and turn it into a constant voltage level.

The AVR is a class of devices that provide constant voltage levels to prevent malfunction or damage to downstream electrical equipment.

Automatic Voltage Regulator is also known as stabilizer which is design and constructed with transform, circuit diagram and electrical component which monitor the level of the input voltage. Automatic Voltage Regulator is an auto-transformer and is a transformer with only one winding, the winding has at least three electrical connection point called taps. The voltage source and the load are each connected to two taps, one tap at the end of the winding is a common connection to both circuit (source and load). Each tap corresponds to a different source or load voltage. And the ratio of secondary to primary voltage is equal to the ratio of the number of terms of the winding they connect to.

PURPOSES AND MOLTIVATIONS

       Automatic Voltage Regulator is a device that serves as intermediary to electrical/electronic equipment and its major purposes is to prevent malfunctions or damage to electrical equipments. And another major purpose of this AVR is to regulate varying voltage level automatically to a constant voltage. Having AVR as an intermediary device, it will motivate you in a such a way that you will not be having biasing mind in powering any device.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE AVR

The aims of this project is to prove to people the importance of AVR to human daily life and how useful it is and how it can be use to prevent malfunction or damages to electrical devices.