CHAPTER ONE

1.0            INTRODUCTION

1.1      BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

In order to function adjust change external environment and attain their goals and objectives, modern management requires the free and orderly flow of information and that in turn requires some forms of communication” Bason (1986).

Communication: Is the link wire in every organization, both profit and non profit making, private sectors or public sectors driven as a result, no organization carried its activities by sign but to employees, effective communication is a sine qua non for attainment of organizational goals and objectives, though, it had remained one of the problem facing modern management in the public sector. It is a vital tool for management because without it, all attempts to carry out the activities of an organization (public sector) must fail without communication between management employees, nothing can happen, no instruction can be given, no orders taken, no contact made with superior or subordinate and no information provide or received.

It is only through effect communication can any activity ot planned, organized, controlled and co-ordinated. The only exception in this case is the individual working entirely on his own without any contract at all with any other person. Furthermore, communication carried out must be understandable to both parties. Therefore, it can be posited that communication is the transmission and reception of messages or idea from one party to the other in such system that it is easily understandable. Restriction or ineffective communication in the public sector makes it impossibility for members within the organization to get enough information which is required of the performance of stipulated task. It is said to be effective when there is a successful transfer of information and understanding from sender to a receiver. No organization can function without a detailed and effective made of communication. As the public sector become complicated, so is the need for adequate communication entrenchment.

Nwana (2001), communication is the transfer of ideas forms the sender to the receiver. It could then be said without fear of constriction that communication is the cohesive bond between individuals in organization and a proper study and understanding of it will go a long way to improve the management and employee relationships and also towards the achievement of its objective. It should be taken as a fact that one individual cannot achieve organizational goals, there must be interactive so far the purpose of putting effort by the individuals in the organizational goal accomplishment, communication is necessary in all level of workings in the public sector. Communication is a process by which people attempt to share meaning via the transmission of symbolic messages, stones (1995). Such communication organizes and unified an activities of an organization existence is based on communication. Some managers do spend precious time giving ambiguous and out of place instructions to subordinates which culminates into poorly defined policy, poor policy formulation and implementation which takes the further away from the set goals. Therefore, we can now rise ot say that effect communication is a necessity because it helps in the co-ordination of human, physical and non physical resources of organized activity will go with the wind and anarchy will wear a crown by that statement, I beg to explain that when there are no co-ordinated effect communication procession in an organization, there would not be conflicting orders and authorization being given to subordinates by different supervisors. A sectional head may give order only to find out latterly that a counter order had already been given by the managing director bye passing him completely. However, communication pervades the management functions of planning, organizing, co-coordinating and controlling.

This is because according to the liberal or realistic a school of thoughts scholars, like Donnelly, Gibson and Invannrierich (1984), they posited that manages rarely work with things. Management should therefore realize that there is need for employees not only being well informed concerning the success of the organizations but also being well informed about issues which affects them less directly on the job. Because of this, a constant communication network for subordinates to understand organizational need and aspirations and for management ot understand the subordinates need and goals. If this is non existent, the group effort that is necessary for organization effectiveness and efficiency is severally hampered.

1.2      STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Public sectors communication without doubt applies to all level of management in every public sector organization. Due to the fact, it has been signed out for special emphasis in recent years.

A great deal has been said and written about the role of communication in management / employee relation and most often, it has been treated as a problem.

            Some writers see it had human or psychological problem or a problem in language a social skills communication. Ineffective communication had most often been explained as the root of the problem encountered in day-to-day human activities the problem of ineffective communication has been given as explanation for most industrial and organizational conflicts. There is knowing gain saying that there are a number of problems inhibiting effective communication in public enterprises in Nigeria.

            The researcher intends to locate these problems and by asking this questions via why do this malaise exist in the first instance? Is it because of communication over loading, value judgments, selected perception, stereotyping, semantics, time pressure, superior power frame of reference and what not? What is the extent to which this has affected the overall operations of public sectors performance? Of all these require a serious investigation and it is my aim in this study based on my findings to proffer solutions to these problems.

1.3      OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

Often, communication between management and employed has lost the effectiveness or rather is not effective at all. Abnitio this problem should be laid at the door step of several barriers are unknown and the purpose of this study is to locate those barriers. Those barriers are unknown and the purpose of this study is to locate those barriers.

            To know the effect of communication in public sector enterprises existence, whether there is any relationship between communication, organization performance and productivity in the manufacturing industry using ANAMMCO as a case study.

1.4      SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study will enable one to leave an insight on the importance of effective communication in public sector organization. It would reflect why management in every organization be it public or private should spend much time to see that information is duly communicated to the subordinated in clear forms. It would definitely go a long way to reason out why communication would be regarded as the link wire (the umbilical cord connecting all levelas of the organization). The study would equally add to existing knowledge on communication. It would especially help those who interact in organization mediation with unions acquire more skills for effective communication.

1.5      SCOPE LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

A lost of constraints are encountered in the attempt to assemble the necessary data for the execution of the project. Some of such problems include that of time and attitudes of respondents.

The limited time available to the researcher due to the subject of irregularities in school calendar, there is tendency for some organization to withhold information for fear of competition, research of this nature, the financial power available to the researcher is limited and as a result, the study would be limited to a small portion of the survey industry.

1.6      RESEARCH QUESTION

1.        What are the factors affecting communication effectiveness in ANAMCO?

2.        Is there any positive relationship between communication and organizational performance or productivity with regard to ANAMCO?

3.        To what extent does communication effect attainment of organizational goals and objectives visa-a-vis ANAMCO?

1.7      DEFINITION OF TERMS

Effect communication: Is said to be when you cause something to come into use, for the successful transfer of information, which must have meaning and understanding form sender to receivers.

Organization / enterprise: Is a collection or association individuals with common objectives working co-operatively under leadership and authority. Public sector is an enterprise where both the government and private individuals or only the government own shares. The form is later lends towards co-operative orientation organizational performance means the way which it achieves its result that society expects objectives simply means goals which must be achieved.