CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1     Background to the Study

Team work enhances organizational cohesion or integration consequently giving rise to synchronization of efforts among the employed resulting in higher productivity. The U.S. Climate Action Partnership, as it’s known, is putting intense pressure on the federal government to reduce carbon emissions. Never before has there been such a compact between private companies and nongovernmental organizations. America’s best leaders increasingly reflect this spirit of teamwork. Princeton University President Shirley Tilghman and Brown University President Ruth Simmons have not only achieved significant breakthroughs on their own campuses but also joined to lend a helping hand to Simmons's alma mater, Dillard University, after Hurricane Katrina. Organizational culture, Job description, Job satisfaction, skills and qualifications of employees together with the organizational structure will help in the achieving of the targets of the organization. Higgs (1996).

A simple definition of teamwork is people working together toward a common goal. Currently many organizational disciplines have adopted teamwork as essential in achieving success and their mission statements routinely allude to the importance of teamwork, utilizing such words as cooperation, coordination, collaboration, and Communication as key components. Although it is one thing for these organizations to write that they have these teamwork components in place, it is another to measure the components by a defined set of attributes and then use the results of this measurement to pursue what might, in reality, be missing in the teamwork model within each organization. Events of mass effect require teamwork among the diverse multidiscipline.

Recent study shows that employee working within the team can produce more output as compared to individual (Jones et al, 2007). In Africa, organizations such as AMREF and AAR have equally adopted team work in their core values as it easily enables them to achieve their objectives (Belbin, 2006). In West Africa, Alie et al, (1998) compared West African Organizations to those in the USA and UK and there was a significant difference in the approach used to form teams in the West African Countries. Working in a team empowers people and helps them develop autonomy, which is a source of profound job satisfaction and reduces stress (Hayes 2005).There are various ways that employees feel that they are satisfied with their jobs is through motivation factors like salary increment and recognition. In cases where there is no motivation and recognition of employees they fail to have strong team work and at the same fail to achieve their targets. Both in the UK and USA, researches done by psychologists have affirmed that teams can expand the outputs of individuals through collaboration and that employees who are working in teams become the standard for the organization’s performance Flick (2006). Hartenian (2003) notes that teamwork is the most appropriate means of improving manpower utilization and potentially raising performance of individuals within and without the organization. With support from upper level management, an employee works confidently in team and increases productivity of the organization. Nowadays, in the new business world, managers are assigning more team projects to employees with opportunities to strengthen their knowledge and develop their skills (Hartenian, 2003). For teams to perform optimally, team members should also have 4 respect and trust for each other in two dimensions – as individuals and for the contribution each brings to team’s results (Brooks 2006)

1.2     Statement of the Problem

Poor implementation of team work in organizations has had an impact on the overall output of employees in organizations. Employees have, consequently, developed behavioral and attitudinal dispositions against the employer which has led to low team spirit, dissatisfaction and even mistrust in some cases, hence low output at the work place. Ethnocentrism has also weakened team spirit in most organizations in Nigeria. Coupled with the previous factors mentioned, employees are no longer committed to achievement of organizational targets as such but rather interested in achieving their personal satisfaction. Attitude to work is said to be poor, there exist continuous and spiral demand for wage increase, better conditions of service and general workers welfare. Invariably, these behavioral patterns and dynamics world revolve around the employer-employee. One of the biggest problems faced by managers, organizations and institutions in general is getting workers to do what they need to do in order to achieve organizational targets, goals and objectives with the efficiency it deserves. Because of the complexity of human behavior and dynamics of organizational circumstances, much management goes about managing workers in such manners as could un-doubtable produce sub-optimal results, thereby jeopardizing the chances of the organizations realizing their set goals and objectives efficiently (Pamela 2013).

1.3     Objective of the Study

The main objective of this study is to assess the contribution of team work to the performance of organization, specifically the study intends to:

1.     Find out the contribution of team work on organization performance

2.     Analyze the impact of team work on organizational performance in NBC

3.     Investigate the challenges to effective teamwork in organizations

4.     Examine factors that contribute to effective team work

1.4     Research Question

1.     What are the contribution of team work on organization performance

2.     Is there any significant impact of team work on organizational performance in NBC

3.     Investigate the challenges to effective teamwork in organizations

4.     Examine factors that contribute to effective team work

1.5     Research Hypothesis

Ho: there is no significant impact of team work on organizational performance in NBC

Hi: there is significant impact of team work on organizational performance in NBC

1.6     Significance of the Study

This study sought to establish the impact of teamwork to the performance of the organizational and as such, delved into identifying the challenges facing team formation, operation and overall performance. Consequently, the study exposed the link between the working environment of team members and the structure of the organization and what factors act to negatively affect this link. The findings of the study will be useful to managers of similar organizations.

1.7     Scope of the Study

This research work will be conducted in Lagos state, Nigeria Bottling Company in Ikeja will be used as a case study.

1.8     Delimitation of the Study

Finance for the general research work will be a challenge during the course of study. Correspondents also might not be able to complete or willing to submit the questionnaires given to them.

However, it is believed that these constraints will be worked on by making the best use of the available materials and spending more than the necessary time in the research work. Therefore, it is strongly believed that despite these constraint, its effect on this research report will be minimal, thus, making the objective and significance of the study achievable.

1.9     Definition of Terms

Team Work: the combined action of a group, especially when effective and efficient.

Organization performance: Organizational performance comprises the actual output or results of an organization as measured against its intended outputs