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HEPATOTOXICITY OF THE ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF Enantia chlorantha ROOT ON WISTAR ALBINO RATS

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HEPATOTOXICITY OF THE ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF Enantia chlorantha ROOT ON WISTAR ALBINO RATS
Abstract: 

ABSTRACT

The root of Enantia chlorontha was assayed for its hepatotoxicity effect. Extacts from the root were made using 95% ethanol. The root extracts were administered orally to 15 wistar albino rats and varying doses. 5 rats were kept as control group. The effect of the extracts was determined by assaying for the levels of serum-liver enzymes acting as biochemical makers. Liver enzymes assayed included Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alanin aminiotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phophatase (ALP). Comparison of the enzyme levels of the control group with these of the group administered with the rot extract revealed a significant elevation of liver enzyme levels (P

Table of Contents: 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE I
CERTIFICATION II
DEDICATION III
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT IV
TABLE OF CONTENT V
ABSTRACT IX

CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY 1
1.2 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES 6
1.3 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM 7
1.4 LIMITATION OF STUDY 7
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY 8

CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW 9
2.1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF Enantia chlorontha 10
2.2 ECOLOGICAL DISTRIBUTION OF
Enantia chlorantha 10
2.3 MANAGEMENT AND PROPAGATION PRACTICES 11
2.4 FUNCTIONAL USES 12
2.5 TOXICITY 13
2.6 HEPATOTOXICITY 17
2.7 LIVER 20
2.7.1 LIVER ENZYME 22
2.7.2 SOME PATTERN OF LIVER INJURY 23
2.7.3 TREATMENT/PROGNOSIS OF LIVER DAMAGE 28
2.8 THE ALBINO RATS 29
2.9 PHYTOCHEMICAL COMPOUNDS 31

CHAPTER THREE
3.0 MATERIALS AND METHODS 32
3.1 COLLECTION, IDENTIFICATION AND
PROCESSING OF PLANT MATERIAL 32
3.1.1 EXTRACTION OF PLANT MATERIAL 33
3.1.2 DETERMINATION OF THE WEIGHT OF
DRIED EXTRACT 34
3.2 PHYTOCHEMCIAL ANALYSIS 35
3.3 EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL 43
3.4 DETERMINATION OF DOSAGE OF THE PLANT
EXTRACT FOR ANIMAL FEEDING 43
3.5 GROUPING OF ANIMAL AND ADMINISTRATION
OF PLANT EXTRACT 44
3.6 FEEDING METHOD 45
3.7 PROCEDURES FOR BLOOD SAMPLE COLLECTION 46
3.7.1 ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE TEST (ALT)
METHOD FOR ALT TEST 47
3.7.2 ASPARTATE ANIMOTRANSFERASE: (AST)
METHOD FOR AST TEST 48
3.7.3 ALKALINE PHOUSPHATASE: (ALP)
METHOD FOR ALP TEST 49
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 RESULTS 50
4.1 RESULT OF THE PHOTOCHEMICAL
ANALYSIS OF THE ETHANOLIC EXTRACT
OF Enantia chlorontha 50
4.2 HEPATOTOXICITY ASSAY 55

CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 DISCUSSION 58
5.2 CONCLUSION 60
5.3 RECOMMENDATION 60

REFERENCES 61.

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