CHAPTER ONE

1.0   INTRODUCTION

1.1   BACKGROUND OF STUDY

According Richter, (2000), communication is the process of meaningful interaction among human beings. It is the act of passing information and the process by which meanings are exchanged so as to produce understanding. Communication is a process which requires a sender, a message, a medium and a recipient. Though, the receiver may not be involved or aware of the sender's intent to communicate at the time of communication; it is expedient that the communicating parties share an area of communicative commonality. Thus communication can occur across vast distances in time and space.

According to Daramola (2007) communication is ubiquitous. It takes place everywhere, everyday and every time. It is all around us. As a result, each and every one of us engages in communication with one another at home, in the office, school and industry. Organizations all over the world are either adjudged to be high, medium and/or low flyers depending on how they relate with their operational environment in terms of social responsibilities, task and service delivery to client and employees alike. How successfully an organization achieves its objectives, satisfies social responsibilities, or both depends, on its managers’ communication skills. If managers communicate well, the organization will probably achieve their goals, the nation as a whole will proper.

Today, there is increasing concern and debate, analysis and confusion around the world over how managers do their jobs – managerial performance in terms of administration– as it is with organizational performance – the measure of how well organizations do their job. Thus, effective communication is very essential for the continued corporate existence of every organization.

Good communication is vital to the effective co-ordination of it resources (human and non-human) into desirable and efficient working units. The importance of effective communication to managers or executives of organizations stems from two reasons. First, communication is the process by which managers accomplish the functions of planning, organizing, leading and controlling. Second, communication is an activity to which managers devote an overwhelming proportion of their time.

 Rarely, are managers alone at their desks thinking, planning, or contemplating alternatives. In fact, managerial time is spent largely in face–to–face, electronic or telephone communication with subordinates, supervisors, and suppliers. When not conferring with others in person or on the telephone, they may be writing, dictating memorandums, letters, or reports or reading memoranda, letters or reports sent to them.

In the same vein Lukaszewski, (2006) opined that; “The greatest continuing area of weakness in management practice is the human dimension. In good times or bad, there seems to be little real understanding of the relationships between managers, among employees, and interactions between the two.

1.2   STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Communication over the years has been seen as a vital tool for effective performance and administration procedure in an organization; most organization in Nigeria has experienced decline in productivity; this could be as a result of staff negligence of designated duty simply because the administration unit did not say anything about it, it could also be as a result of poor operational structure and low prospects for logistics. Finally, most of the research has been carried out communication but not even a single research has been carried out on communication as indispensible tool for effective administration

1.3   AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF STUDY

The main aim of this research work is to examine communication as indispensible tool for effective administration. Other specific objectives include:

1.  to determine the effect of communication on administration of an organization.

2.  to determine the extent to which communication influence administration of an organization.

3.  to determine the factor affecting communication on administration of an organization.

4.  to determine the relationship between communication and effective administration of an organization. 

5.  to proffer possible solution to the problems stated.

1.4    RESEARCH QUESTIONS

1.  What is the effect of communication on administration of an organization?

2.  What is the extent to which communication influence administration of an organization?

3.  What is the factor affecting communication on administration of an organization?

4.  What is the relationship between communication and effective administration of an organization? 

5.  What are the possible solutions to be given to the stated problem?

1.5   STATEMENT OF RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS

H0:    Communication has no significant effect on the effective administration of an organization.

H1:      Communication has a significant effect on the effective administration of an organization.

1.6   SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY

The study on communication as indispensible tool for effective administration will be of immense help to the Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS), Uyo, Akwa Ibom State in the sense that it will provide a suitable atmosphere for attainment of organization goods, boosting and morals of workers and higher productivity. The study will also. educate the administrative unit on the wise use of communication, how to communicate with fellow staff within and outside of the organization for effective administration. Finally the study will contribute to the body of existing literature and knowledge in this field of study and provide a basis for further research.

1.7   SCOPE OF STUDY

        The study on communication as indispensible tool for effective administration is limited to Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS), Uyo, Akwa Ibom State because of their staff strength.

1.8   LIMITATION OF STUDY

Financial constraint- Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet, questionnaire and interview).

Time constraint- The researcher will simultaneously engage in this study with other academic work. This consequently will cut down on the time devoted for the research work.

1.9   DEFINITION OF TERMS

Communication:The imparting or exchanging of information by speaking, writing, or using some other medium.

Indispensible:Absolutely essential and other people or things cannot function without them. 

Effective: Successful in producing a desired or intended result.

Administration:         The process or activity of running a business, organization, etc.