ABSTRACT
Capitalization or capitalisation is writing a word with its first letter as a capital letter (upper-case letter) and the remaining letters in lower case in writing systems with a case distinction. The term is also used for the choice of case in text.
Conventional writing systems (orthographies) for different languages have different conventions for capitalization.
The systematic use of capitalized and uncapitalized words in running text is called βmixed caseβ. Conventions for the capitalization of titles and other classes of words vary between languages and, to a lesser extent, between different style guides.
In some written languages, it is not obvious whatΒ is meant by the βfirst letterβ: for example, the South-Slavic digraph βnjβ is considered as a single letter for the purpose of alphabetical ordering (a situation that occurs in many other languages) and can be represented by a single Unicode character, but at the start of a word it is written βNjβ: only the βNβ is capitalized. In contrast, in Dutch, when a word starts with the digraph βijβ, capitalization is applied to both letters, such as in the name of the city of IJmuiden. There is a single Unicode character that combines the two letters, but it is generally not used.
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